Proyecto de Investigación: AYA2015-66211-C2-2-P
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AYA2015-66211-C2-2-P
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Calibration and performance of the NIKA2 camera at the IRAM 30-m Telescope.
(EDP Sciences, 2020-05-18) Perotto, L.; Ponthieu, N.; Marcías Pérez, J. F.; Adam, R.; Ade, P.; André, P.; Andrianasolo, A.; Aussel, H.; Beelen, A.; Benoit, A.; Berta, S.; Bideaud, A.; Bourrion, O.; Calvo, M.; Catalano, A.; Comis, B.; De Petris, M.; Désert, F. X.; Doyle, S.; Driessen, E. F. C.; Gómez, A.; Goupy, J.; John, D.; Kéruzoré, F.; Kramer, C.; Ladjelate, B.; Lagache, G.; Leclercq, S.; Lestrade, L. F.; Maury, A.; Mauskopf, P.; Mayet, F.; Monfardini, A.; Navarro, Sara; Peñalver, J.; Pierfederici, F.; Pisano, G.; Revéret, V.; Ritacco, A.; Roussel, H.; Ruppin, F.; Schuster, K.; Shu, S.; Sievers, A.; Tucker, C.; Zylka, R.; Díaz García, Pedro; Romero Guzman, Catalina; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR); European Commission (EC); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (CNES); 0000-0001-6937-5052; 0000-0002-3101-0768; 0000-0002-5385-2763; 0000-0001-6478-7883; 0000-0001-9995-4792; 0000-0002-8752-1401; 0000-0001-7859-2139; 0000-0002-6370-2101; 0000-0001-6397-5516; 0000-0002-1371-5705; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
Context. NIKA2 is a dual-band millimetre continuum camera of 2 900 kinetic inductance detectors, operating at 150 and 260 GHz, installed at the IRAM 30-m telescope in Spain. Open to the scientific community since October 2017, NIKA2 will provide key observations for the next decade to address a wide range of open questions in astrophysics and cosmology.
Aims. Our aim is to present the calibration method and the performance assessment of NIKA2 after one year of observation.
Methods. We used a large data set acquired between January 2017 and February 2018 including observations of primary and secondary calibrators and faint sources that span the whole range of observing elevations and atmospheric conditions encountered by the IRAM 30-m telescope. This allowed us to test the stability of the performance parameters against time evolution and observing conditions. We describe a standard calibration method, referred to as the "Baseline" method, to translate raw data into flux density measurements. This includes the determination of the detector positions in the sky, the selection of the detectors, the measurement of the beam pattern, the estimation of the atmospheric opacity, the calibration of absolute flux density scale, the flat fielding, and the photometry. We assessed the robustness of the performance results using the Baseline method against systematic effects by comparing results using alternative methods.
Results. We report an instantaneous field of view of 6.5 ' in diameter, filled with an average fraction of 84%, and 90% of valid detectors at 150 and 260 GHz, respectively. The beam pattern is characterised by a FWHM of 17.6 '' +/- 0.1 '' and 11.1 '' +/- 0.2 '', and a main-beam efficiency of 47%+/- 3%, and 64%+/- 3% at 150 and 260 GHz, respectively. The point-source rms calibration uncertainties are about 3% at 150 GHz and 6% at 260 GHz. This demonstrates the accuracy of the methods that we deployed to correct for atmospheric attenuation. The absolute calibration uncertainties are of 5%, and the systematic calibration uncertainties evaluated at the IRAM 30-m reference Winter observing conditions are below 1% in both channels. The noise equivalent flux density at 150 and 260 GHz are of 9 +/- 1 mJy s(1/2) and 30 +/- 3 mJy s(1/2). This state-of-the-art performance confers NIKA2 with mapping speeds of 1388 +/- 174 and 111 +/- 11 arcmin(2) mJy(-2) h(-1) at 150 and 260 GHz.
Conclusions. With these unique capabilities of fast dual-band mapping at high (better that 18 '') angular resolution, NIKA2 is providing an unprecedented view of the millimetre Universe.
J-PLUS: Tools to identify compact planetary nebulae in the Javalambre and southern photometric local Universe surveys
(EDP Sciences, 2020-01-21) Gutiérrez Soto, L. A.; Gonçalves, D. R.; Akras, S.; Cortesi, A.; López Sanjuan, C.; Guerrero, Martín A.; Daflon, S.; Borges Fernandes, M.; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia L.; Ederoclite, A.; Sodré, L.; Pereira, C. B.; Kanaan, A.; Werle, A.; Vázquez Ramió, H.; Alcaniz, J. S.; Angulo, R. E.; Cenarro, A. J.; Cristóbal Hornillos, D.; Dupke, R. A.; Hernández Monteagudo, C.; Marín Franch, A.; Moles, M.; Varela, J.; Ribeiro, T.; Schoenell, W.; Álvarez Candal, A.; Galbany, L.; Jiménez Esteban, F. M.; Logroño García, R.; Sobral, D.; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); European Research Council (ERC); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Guitiérrez Soto, L. A. [0000-0002-9891-8017]
Context. From the approximately 3500 planetary nebulae (PNe) discovered in our Galaxy, only 14 are known to be members of the Galactic halo. Nevertheless, a systematic search for halo PNe has never been performed.
Aims. In this study, we present new photometric diagnostic tools to identify compact PNe in the Galactic halo by making use of the novel 12-filter system projects, Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) and Southern-Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS).
Methods. We reconstructed the Isaac Newton Telescope Photometric H alpha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane diagnostic diagram and propose four new ones using (i) the J-PLUS and S-PLUS synthetic photometry for a grid of photo-ionisation models of halo PNe, (ii) several observed halo PNe, as well as (iii) a number of other emission-line objects that resemble PNe. All colour-colour diagnostic diagrams are validated using two known halo PNe observed by J-PLUS during the scientific verification phase and the first data release (DR1) of S-PLUS and the DR1 of J-PLUS.
Results. By applying our criteria to the DR1s (similar to 1190 deg(2)), we identified one PN candidate. However, optical follow-up spectroscopy proved it to be a HII region belonging to the UGC 5272 galaxy. Here, we also discuss the PN and two HII galaxies recovered by these selection criteria. Finally, the cross-matching with the most updated PNe catalogue (HASH) helped us to highlight the potential of these surveys, since we recover all the known PNe in the observed area.
Conclusions. The tools here proposed to identify PNe and separate them from their emission-line contaminants proved to be very efficient thanks to the combination of many colours, even when applied - like in the present work - to an automatic photometric search that is limited to compact PNe.
J-PLUS: Discovery and characterisation of ultracool dwarfs using Virtual Observatory tools
(EDP Sciences, 2019-06-27) Martín, E. L.; Caballero, J. A.; Rodrigo, C.; Angulo, R. E.; Alcaniz, J. S.; Borges Fernandes, M.; Cenarro, A. J.; Cristóbal Hornillos, D.; Dupke, R. A.; Alfaro, E. J.; Ederoclite, A.; Jiménez Esteban, F. M.; Hernández Jiménez, J. A.; Hernández Monteagudo, C.; Lopes de Oliveira, R.; López Sanjuan, C.; Marín Franch, A.; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia L.; Moles, M.; Orsi, Álvaro A.; Schmidtobreick, L.; Sobral, D.; Sodré, L.; Varela, J.; Vázquez Ramió, H.; Solano, Enrique; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT); European Research Council (ERC); Caballero, J. A. [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7349-1387]; Jailson Souza de Alcaniz. [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-1413]; Alfaro, Emilio J. [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-7035]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
Context. Ultracool dwarfs are objects with spectral types equal to or later than M7. Most of them have been discovered using wide-field imaging surveys. The Virtual Observatory has proven to be very useful for efficiently exploiting these astronomical resources.
Aims. We aim to validate a Virtual Observatory methodology designed to discover and characterise ultracool dwarfs in the J-PLUS photometric survey. J-PLUS is a multiband survey carried out with the wide-angle T80Cam optical camera mounted on the 0.83 m telescope JAST/T80 in the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre. We make use of the Internal Data Release covering 528 deg2.
Methods. We complemented J-PLUS photometry with other catalogues in the optical and infrared using VOSA, a Virtual Observatory tool that estimates physical parameters from the spectral energy distribution fitting to collections of theoretical models. Objects identified as ultracool dwarfs were distinguished from background M giants and highly reddened stars using parallaxes and proper motions from Gaia DR2.
Results. We identify 559 ultracool dwarfs, ranging from i = 16.2 mag to i = 22.4 mag, of which 187 are candidate ultracool dwarfs not previously reported in the literature. This represents an increase in the number of known ultracool dwarfs of about 50% in the region of the sky we studied, particularly at the faint end of our sensitivity, which is interesting as reference for future wide and deep surveys such as Euclid. Three candidates are interesting targets for exoplanet surveys because of their proximity (distances less than 40 pc). We also analysed the kinematics of ultracool dwarfs in our catalogue and found evidence that it is consistent with a Galactic thin-disc population, except for six objects that might be members of the thick disc.
Conclusion. The results we obtained validate the proposed methodology, which will be used in future J-PLUS and J-PAS releases. Considering the region of the sky covered by the Internal Data Release used in this work, we estimate that 3000–3500 new ultracool dwarfs will be discovered at the end of the J-PLUS project.
J-PLUS: The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey
(EDP Sciences, 2019-02-21) Cenarro, A. J.; Moles, M.; Cristóbal Hornillos, D.; Marín Franch, A.; Ederoclite, A.; Varela, J.; López Sanjuan, C.; Hernández Monteagudo, C.; Angulo, R. E.; Vázquez Ramió, H.; Viironen, K.; Reis, R. R. R.; Molino, A.; Roig, F.; Vilella-Rojo, G.; Sako, M.; Sánchez Blázquez, P.; Gurung López, S.; Santos, W. A.; Telles, E.; Allende Prieto, C.; Bonatto, C.; Vilchez, J. M.; San Roman, I.; Daflon, S.; Dupke, R. A.; Greisel, N.; Jiménez Teja, Y.; Placco, V. M.; Logroño García, R.; Spinoso, D.; Maícas, N.; Izquierdo Villalba, D.; Abril, J.; Aguerri, J. A. L.; Carvano, J. M.; Bielsa de Toledo, S.; Chies Santos, A. L.; Falcón Barroso, J.; Civera, T.; Gonçalves, D. R.; Hernández Fuertes, J.; Iglesias Marzoa, R.; Whitten, D. D.; Antón, J. L.; Kruuse, K.; Lamadrid, J. L.; Bello, R.; Castillo Ramírez, J.; López Sainz, A.; Moreno Signes, A.; Chueca, S.; Díaz Martín, M. C.; Beers, T. C.; Domínguez Martínez, M.; Rueda Teruel, F.; Garzarán Calderaro, J.; Iñiguez, C.; Tilve, V.; Jiménez Ruiz, J. M.; Lasso Cabrera, N.; Alcaniz, J. S.; López Alegre, G.; Muniesa, D. J.; Lopes de Oliveira, R.; Tamm, A.; Rodríguez Llano, S.; Rueda Teruel, S.; Akras, S.; Alfaro, E. J.; Soriano Laguía, I.; Valdivielso, L.; Beasley, M. A.; Borges Fernandes, M.; Yanes Díaz, A.; Mendes de Oliveira, Claudia L.; Lyman, J. D.; Sodré, L.; Carrasco, J. M.; Coelho, P. R. T.; Xavier, H. S.; Costa Duarte, M. V.; Abramo, L. R.; Álvarez Candal, A.; Galarza, A.; Ascaso, B.; Bruzual, G.; González Serrano, J. I.; Gutiérrez Soto, L. A.; Buzzo, M. L.; Cepa, J.; Kuncarayakti, H.; Landim, R. C. G.; Cortesi, A.; De Prá, M.; Lima Neto, G. B.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Favole, G.; Galbany, L.; Orsi, Álvaro A.; García, K.; Nogueira Cavalcante, J. P.; González Delgado, R. M.; Hernández Jiménez, J. A.; Oteo, I.; Kanaan, A.; Laur, J.; Rebassa-Mansergas, A.; Lincandro, J.; Miralda Escudé, J.; Salvador Rusiñol, N.; Sampedro, L.; Morate, D.; Novais, P. M.; Schmidtobreick, L.; Siffert, B. B.; Oncins, M.; Overzier, R. A.; Bonoli, S.; Hurier, G.; Pereira, C. B.; Díaz García, Pedro; Solano, Enrique; Gobierno de Aragón; European Commission (EC); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP); Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); National Science Foundation (NSF); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); 0000-0002-2573-2342; Jailson Souza de Alcaniz. [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-1413]; Coelho, P. R. T. [0000-0003-1846-4826]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS ) is an ongoing 12-band photometric optical survey, observing thousands of square degrees of the Northern Hemisphere from the dedicated JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ). The T80Cam is a camera with a field of view of 2 deg2 mounted on a telescope with a diameter of 83 cm, and is equipped with a unique system of filters spanning the entire optical range (3500–10 000 Å). This filter system is a combination of broad-, medium-, and narrow-band filters, optimally designed to extract the rest-frame spectral features (the 3700–4000 Å Balmer break region, Hδ, Ca H+K, the G band, and the Mg b and Ca triplets) that are key to characterizing stellar types and delivering a low-resolution photospectrum for each pixel of the observed sky. With a typical depth of AB ∼21.25 mag per band, this filter set thus allows for an unbiased and accurate characterization of the stellar population in our Galaxy, it provides an unprecedented 2D photospectral information for all resolved galaxies in the local Universe, as well as accurate photo-z estimates (at the δ z/(1 + z)∼0.005–0.03 precision level) for moderately bright (up to r ∼ 20 mag) extragalactic sources. While some narrow-band filters are designed for the study of particular emission features ([O II]/λ3727, Hα/λ6563) up to z < 0.017, they also provide well-defined windows for the analysis of other emission lines at higher redshifts. As a result, J-PLUS has the potential to contribute to a wide range of fields in Astrophysics, both in the nearby Universe (Milky Way structure, globular clusters, 2D IFU-like studies, stellar populations of nearby and moderate-redshift galaxies, clusters of galaxies) and at high redshifts (emission-line galaxies at z ≈ 0.77, 2.2, and 4.4, quasi-stellar objects, etc.). With this paper, we release the first ∼1000 deg2 of J-PLUS data, containing about 4.3 million stars and 3.0 million galaxies at r < 21 mag. With a goal of 8500 deg2 for the total J-PLUS footprint, these numbers are expected to rise to about 35 million stars and 24 million galaxies by the end of the survey.
The GALANTE photometric survey of the northern Galactic plane: project description and pipeline
(Oxford Academics: Oxford University Press, 2021-07-02) Maíz Apellániz, J.; Alfaro, E. J.; Barbá, R. H.; Holgado, G.; Vázquez Ramió, H.; Varela, J.; Ederoclite, A.; Lorenzo Gutiérrez, A.; García Lario, P.; García Escudero, H.; García, M.; Coelho, P. R. T.; Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, INSTITUTO DE ASTROFISICA DE ANDALUCIA (IAA), SEV-2017-0709; European Space Agency (ESA); Gobierno de Aragón; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Coelho, P. R. T. [0000-0003-1846-4826]
The GALANTE optical photometric survey is observing the northern Galactic plane and some adjacent regions using seven narrow- and intermediate-filters, covering a total of 1618 deg2. The survey has been designed with multiple exposure times and at least two different air masses per field to maximize its photometric dynamic range, comparable to that of Gaia, and ensure the accuracy of its photometric calibration. The goal is to reach at least 1 per cent accuracy and precision in the seven bands for all stars brighter than AB magnitude 17 while detecting fainter stars with lower values of the signal-to-noise ratio. The main purposes of GALANTE are the identification and study of extinguished O+B+WR stars, the derivation of their extinction characteristics, and the cataloguing of F and G stars in the solar neighbourhood. Its data will be also used for a variety of other stellar studies and to generate a high-resolution continuum-free map of the Hα emission in the Galactic plane. We describe the techniques and the pipeline that are being used to process the data, including the basis of an innovative calibration system based on Gaia DR2 and 2MASS photometry.
