Proyecto de Investigación: DESARROLLO DE INSTRUMENTACION MAGNETICA PARA LA INVESTIGACION DEL SISTEMA MARCIANO Y ESTUDIO Y ANALISIS DE ANALOGOS TERRESTRES
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ESP2017-88930-R
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Design of a planetary protection cover for EMC testing of a spacial magnetic sensor
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019-10-17) Fernández Romero, S.; Parrondo, M. C.; Díaz Michelena, M.; Muñóz Rebate, I.; León Calero, Marina; Martín Iglesias, S.; Plaza Gallardo, B.; Escot Bocanegra, D.; Poyatos Martínez, D.; Jiménez Lorenzo, María; López Sanz, Daniel; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)
This paper explains the research process carried out for the development and manufacture of the planetary protection cover for carrying out the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests of the an-isotropic magneto-resistance (AMR) sensor of the ExoMars 2020 mission. This mission has strict bioburden requirements. The electromagnetic properties of several materials have been analyzed in order to study their transmission coefficient and the innovation of this project is the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology as manufacturing method. Additive manufacturing is presented as a promising technology in the field of radiofrequency since it can use a wide range of polymeric materials (thermoplastics) with low transmission coefficient. Observing the electromagnetic (EM) characterization results, it was decided to manufacture a protective cover using FDM technology, because it allows control over the grounding of the instrument and facilitates the integration, cleaning and protection against impacts during the manipulation, with great versatility and low cost. Finally, the cover has been verified during the acceptance EMC tests of the flight model AMR instrument.
Magnetometric Surveys for the Non-Invasive Surface and Subsurface Interpretation of Volcanic Structures in Planetary Exploration, a Case Study of Several Volcanoes in the Iberian Peninsula
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022-04-24) Díaz Michelena, M.; Kilian, R.; Ángel Rivero, M.; Fernández Romero, S.; Ríos, F.; Mesa, J. L.; Oyarzún, A.; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); European Commission (EC)
Volcanoes are typical features of the solar system that offer a window into the interior of planets. Thus, their study can improve the understanding of the interiors and evolution of planets. On Earth, volcanoes are monitored by multiple sensors during their dormant and active phases. Presently, this is not feasible for other planets’ volcanoes. However, robotic vehicles and the recent technological demonstration of Ingenuity on Mars open up the possibility of using the powerful and non-destructive geophysical tool of magnetic surveys at different heights, for the investigation of surfaces and subsurfaces. We propose a methodology with a view to extract information from planetary volcanoes in the short and medium term, which comprises an analysis of the morphology using images, magnetic field surveys at different heights, in situ measurements of magnetic susceptibility, and simplified models for the interpretation of geological structures. This methodology is applied successfully to the study of different examples of the main volcanic zones of the Iberian Peninsula, representative of the Martian intraplate volcanism and similar to Venus domes, as a preparatory action prior to the exploration of the rocky planets’ surfaces.
Vector Magnetometry Using Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems: An Example of Application for Planetary Exploration
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021-01-23) Fernández Romero, S.; Morata Barrado, P.; Vázquez Yañez, G. A.; De Diego Custodio, E.; Díaz Michelena, M.; Rivero Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Fernández Romero, S. [0000-0002-7169-2222]; Vázquez Yañez, G. A. [0000-0002-8765-3068]
Geomagnetic prospection is an efficient and environmentally friendly geophysical method for the analysis of the magnetic minerals’ distribution in the subsurface. High-resolution measurements require on-ground campaigns. However, these activities might imply high costs, risk and time consumption. Some more recent works have started to use magnetometers on-board remote piloted aircrafts. Normally, they fly at a constant altitude and use scalar probes. This configuration permits the determination of the magnitude of the magnetic field but not the direction, and requires advanced techniques for in-depth interpretation of the sources. In this manuscript, we describe the accommodation of a system for vector magnetometry in a drone whose flight altitude follows the elevation of the terrain. This singularity improves the capability of interpretation, including constraints in dating due to the record of the geomagnetic field. The work consists of the design, development and implementation of a solidary payload system anchored to the body of the platform in order to determine the vector magnetic field. It describes the details of the system and the performance characteristics obtained after the calibration, as well as its demonstration via a field campaign in the spatter deposits of Cerro Gordo volcano in Campos de Calatrava volcanic province in Spain.
On the Design of a Planetary Protection Shell for EMC Testing on Space Equipment
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2020-06-22) Fernández Romero, S.; Muñoz Rebate, I.; Jiménez Lorenzo, María; Plaza Gallardo, B.; Poyatos Martínez, D.; Díaz Michelena, M.; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Fernández Romero, S. [0000-0002-7169-2222]; Jiménez Lorenzo, M. [0000-0003-1243-6111]; Plaza Gallardo, B. [0000-0003-3615-0353]; Poyatos Martínez, D. [0000-0002-3829-5110]
This letter addresses on the design of a planetary protection shell for performing the Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) tests of the Anisotropic Magneto-Resistance (AMR) sensor of the ExoMars mission. This mission has strict bio-burden requirements. The ElectroMagnetic (EM) properties of several materials have been investigated for measuring their transmission coefficients and the novelty of this letter is the use of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology as the production method. Additive manufacturing is presented as a promising technology in the field of radiofrequency since it can use a wide range of materials (including thermoplastics) with high and low transmission coefficient. The investigation comprises the analysis of the electromagnetic properties of several 3D printer materials in order to study their transmission coefficients. Seeing the EM characterization results, it was decided to produce a shell using FDM technology because it provides control over the grounding of the instrument and makes easier the integration, cleaning and protection against impacts during the operation, with great versatility and low cost. To finish, the shell has been proved during the acceptance EMC tests of the flight model and flight spare AMR instrument.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) instrument to study the Martian magnetic environment from the surface: expected scientific return
(Springer Link, 2023-08-15) Díaz Michelena, M.; Fernández Romero, S.; Adeli, Solmaz; Henrich, Clara; Aspás, Alberto; Parrondo, M. C.; Rivero Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel; Oliveira, Joana S.; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, BARCELONA SUPERCOMPUTING CENTER (BSC), SEV2015-0493
The ExoMars programme has the objective to answer to the question of whether life ever existed on Mars. The second mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok Surface Platform was designed to focus specifically on the characterization of the environmental parameters which can play an important role for the existence of life on the surface of the planet. One of these parameters is the magnetic field because of its ability of shielding the solar and cosmic radiation. For such characterization, the scientific suite of the Surface Platform counts with two instruments: the Anisotropic MagnetoResistance (AMR) and the MArtIan Ground ElectromagneTic (MAIGRET) instruments. The AMR goal is to characterize both the surface and subsurface and the time-varying magnetic fields, related to the crustal and the external fields respectively, at the ExoMars landing site in Oxia Planum. The operation to achieve these goals includes two phases, the first phase corresponding to the lander descent and the second phase in which the instrument is deployed on the surface. In this work, we simulate the first operations phase using synthetic magnetic field models, assuming that the different crustal units at the landing site might be magnetized. We also perform measurements in our laboratory to simulate the second phase operation of the instrument on the Martian surface. We discuss the capability of interpretation of the instrument, based on the available information of the landing site and the results from our models.
