Proyecto de Investigación: INSTRUMENTACION MAGNETICA ORIENTADA AL ESTUDIO DE PLANETAS TERRESTRES. APLICACION EN LA CARACTERIZACION DE LA SUPERFICIE DE MARTE Y DE ROCAS LUNARES EN MISIONES DE RETORNO
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PID2020-119208RB-I00
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Magnetometric Surveys for the Non-Invasive Surface and Subsurface Interpretation of Volcanic Structures in Planetary Exploration, a Case Study of Several Volcanoes in the Iberian Peninsula
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022-04-24) Díaz Michelena, M.; Kilian, R.; Ángel Rivero, M.; Fernández Romero, S.; Ríos, F.; Mesa, J. L.; Oyarzún, A.; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); European Commission (EC)
Volcanoes are typical features of the solar system that offer a window into the interior of planets. Thus, their study can improve the understanding of the interiors and evolution of planets. On Earth, volcanoes are monitored by multiple sensors during their dormant and active phases. Presently, this is not feasible for other planets’ volcanoes. However, robotic vehicles and the recent technological demonstration of Ingenuity on Mars open up the possibility of using the powerful and non-destructive geophysical tool of magnetic surveys at different heights, for the investigation of surfaces and subsurfaces. We propose a methodology with a view to extract information from planetary volcanoes in the short and medium term, which comprises an analysis of the morphology using images, magnetic field surveys at different heights, in situ measurements of magnetic susceptibility, and simplified models for the interpretation of geological structures. This methodology is applied successfully to the study of different examples of the main volcanic zones of the Iberian Peninsula, representative of the Martian intraplate volcanism and similar to Venus domes, as a preparatory action prior to the exploration of the rocky planets’ surfaces.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) instrument to study the Martian magnetic environment from the surface: expected scientific return
(Springer Link, 2023-08-15) Díaz Michelena, M.; Fernández Romero, S.; Adeli, Solmaz; Henrich, Clara; Aspás, Alberto; Parrondo, M. C.; Rivero Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel; Oliveira, Joana S.; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, BARCELONA SUPERCOMPUTING CENTER (BSC), SEV2015-0493
The ExoMars programme has the objective to answer to the question of whether life ever existed on Mars. The second mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok Surface Platform was designed to focus specifically on the characterization of the environmental parameters which can play an important role for the existence of life on the surface of the planet. One of these parameters is the magnetic field because of its ability of shielding the solar and cosmic radiation. For such characterization, the scientific suite of the Surface Platform counts with two instruments: the Anisotropic MagnetoResistance (AMR) and the MArtIan Ground ElectromagneTic (MAIGRET) instruments. The AMR goal is to characterize both the surface and subsurface and the time-varying magnetic fields, related to the crustal and the external fields respectively, at the ExoMars landing site in Oxia Planum. The operation to achieve these goals includes two phases, the first phase corresponding to the lander descent and the second phase in which the instrument is deployed on the surface. In this work, we simulate the first operations phase using synthetic magnetic field models, assuming that the different crustal units at the landing site might be magnetized. We also perform measurements in our laboratory to simulate the second phase operation of the instrument on the Martian surface. We discuss the capability of interpretation of the instrument, based on the available information of the landing site and the results from our models.
Magnetic Induction-Based Susceptometer: Calibration Procedure for Complex Susceptibility Measurement and Extended Application in Natural Scenarios
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2023-01-27) Mesa Uña, J. L.; Hernández Ros, C. A.; Díaz Michelena, M.; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN); European Commission (EC); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)
The fast and in situ measurement of the complex magnetic susceptibility stands a potential geological tool for enhanced characterization of rocks and comprehension of the geological context of the landing and exploration sites when used on board planetary rovers. The real part of susceptibility is related to the capability to acquire magnetization and the imaginary part, with resistivity and magnetic energy loss mechanism of rocks. Therefore, the determination of the rocks’ susceptibility provides key information as to the need for the presence of water in the formation of certain minerals, which can be used as one of the rocks selection criteria, in sample return missions. Previous work has been done in the conception of a novel portable instrument, based on magnetic induction, to measure the complex susceptibility of rocks in the context of planetary exploration. The next step is to create a comprehensive calibration procedure to extract magnetic properties information from the direct readings. This work describes a novel instrument calibration methodology. The calibration of the novel instrument comprises a comparative methodology with representative patterns for the real and the imaginary components of the susceptibility. Therefore, the work also includes calibration sample conception, manufacture, and characterization by different techniques.
