Examinando por Autor "Sanz Arranz, A."

Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4

Acceso Abierto
Analytical database of Martian minerals (ADaMM): Project synopsis and Raman data overview
(Wiley Analytical Science, 2021-08-12) Veneranda, M.; Sanz Arranz, A.; Manrique, J. A.; Saiz, M.; García Prieto, C.; Pascual Sánchez, E.; Medina, J.; Konstantinidis, M.; Lalla, E.; Moral, A.; Nieto, L. M.; Rull, F.; López Reyes, G.; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); European Commission (EC); Veneranda, M. [0000-0002-7185-2791]; Lalla, E. A. [0000-0002-0005-1006]; Moral, A. G. [0000-0002-6190-8560]; López Reyes, G. [0000-0003-1005-1760]
The Mars2020/Perseverance and ExoMars/Rosalind Franklin rovers are both slated to return the first Raman spectra ever collected from another planetary surface, Mars. In order to optimize the rovers scientific outcome, the scientific community needs to be provided with tailored tools for data treatment and interpretation. Responding to this need, the purpose of the Analytical Database of Martian Minerals (ADaMM) project is to build an extended multianalytical database of mineral phases that have been detected on Mars or are expected to be found at the landing sites where the two rovers will operate. Besides the use of conventional spectrometers, the main objective of the ADaMM database is to provide access to data collected by means of laboratory prototypes simulating the analytical performances of the spectroscopic systems onboard the Mars 2020 and ExoMars rovers. Planned to be released to the public in 2022, ADaMM will also provide access to data treatment and visualization tools developed in the framework of the mentioned space exploration missions. As such, the present work seeks to provide an overview of the ADaMM online platform, spectral tools, and mineral collection. In addition to that, the manuscript describes the Raman spectrometers used to analyze the mineral collection and presents a representative example of the analytical performance ensured by the Raman prototypes assembled to simulate the Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) and SuperCam systems.
Restringido
Evaluation of multivariate analyses and data fusion between Raman and laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy in binary mixtures and its potential for solar system exploration
(Wiley Online Library, 2020-01-19) Manrique, J. A.; López Reyes, G.; Álvarez Pérez, A.; Bozic, T.; Veneranda, M.; Sanz Arranz, A.; Saiz, J.; Medina García, J.; Rull, F.; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)
Raman and laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectroscopies will play an important role in planetary exploration missions in the following years, not only with Raman instruments like Raman laser spectrometer on board of Rosalid Franklin Rover or scanning habitable environments with Raman and luminescence for organics and chemicals on board Mars2020 Rover but also with combined instruments such as SuperCam. These techniques will be part of the upcoming planetary exploration missions because they can provide complementary information from the analysed sample while potentially sharing hardware components, maximizing the scientific return of the samples while limiting mass. In this framework, this study seeks to test the feasibility of combining several univariate and multivariate analysis techniques with data fusion techniques of different instruments (532 and 785 nm Raman and LIBS) to evaluate the improvements in the quantitative classification of samples in binary mixtures. We prepared two‐component mixtures that are potentially relevant in planetary exploration missions, using two different sulfates and a chloride. A more accurate classification of the samples is possible through a univariate analysis that combines the calculated concentration indicators for Raman and LIBS. On the other hand, multivariate analysis was run on Raman, LIBS, and Raman + LIBS low‐level fused data sets. The results showed a better improvement when fusing LIBS and Raman when compared with the redundant fusion but not a systematic improvement when compared with individual sets. We demonstrate that a quantification of the mineral abundances in binary mixtures can be obtained from Raman and LIBS data using univariate and multivariate analysis techniques, being the latter remarkably better, moving from performances of classification, in the whole range of concentrations, that could be over the 10% to values under 3.5%. Furthermore, the fusion of data coming from these techniques improves the classification limit with respect to the individual techniques. Thus, besides the (evident) hardware convenience of combining LIBS with 532‐nm Raman, there could be analytical advantages as well.
Acceso Abierto
ExoFiT trial at the Atacama Desert (Chile): Raman detection of biomarkers by representative prototypes of the ExoMars/Raman Laser Spectrometer
(Nature Research Journals, 2021-01-14) Veneranda, M.; López Reyes, G.; Saiz, J.; Manrique, J. A.; Sanz Arranz, A.; Medina, J.; Moral, A.; Seoane, L.; Ibarmia, S.; Rull, F.; European Research Council (ERC); Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)
In this work, the analytical research performed by the Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) team during the ExoFiT trial is presented. During this test, an emulator of the Rosalind Franklin rover was remotely operated at the Atacama Desert in a Mars-like sequence of scientific operations that ended with the collection and the analysis of two drilled cores. The in-situ Raman characterization of the samples was performed through a portable technology demonstrator of RLS (RAD1 system). The results were later complemented in the laboratory using a bench top RLS operation simulator and a X-Ray diffractometer (XRD). By simulating the operational and analytical constraints of the ExoMars mission, the two RLS representative instruments effectively disclosed the mineralogical composition of the drilled cores (k-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, muscovite and rutile as main components), reaching the detection of minor phases (e.g., additional phyllosilicate and calcite) whose concentration was below the detection limit of XRD. Furthermore, Raman systems detected many organic functional groups (–C≡N, –NH2 and C–(NO2)), suggesting the presence of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in the samples. The Raman detection of organic material in the subsurface of a Martian analogue site presenting representative environmental conditions (high UV radiation, extreme aridity), supports the idea that the RLS could play a key role in the fulfilment of the ExoMars main mission objective: to search for signs of life on Mars.
Restringido
Systematic isotopic marking of polymeric components for in-situ space missions
(Elsevier BV, 2020-02-01) Mora, J.; García Sancho, Amador; Alonso, R.; Atienza, R.; López Reyes, G.; Sanz Arranz, A.; HERRERA HERNÁNDEZ, ALEJANDRO; López Reyes, G. [0000-0003-1005-1760]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
In the last decades, together with the technological advances, the exploration of closer celestial bodies has experimented a high increasing, with a special relevance of the missions whose objective is the scientific search of life precursors. Since the birth of COSPAR (Committee on space research) in 1964, many advances have been achieved in terms of Planetary Protection, to avoid introducing terrestrial contamination in other systems, and/or come back with extraterrestrial contaminations in sample return missions. Many restrictive protocols are adopted by space missions to minimize the bacteriological, molecular and particle contaminations, and especially harder in scientific missions, where the risk of a false positive in an analysis due to terrestrial contamination is critical. These missions search for small quantities of organic material, and any trace of simple signals of C–H, C–O, C–C, C–N, etc. bonds are the target. Many of these signals are present in all the polymeric components used in a space vehicle, and any accidental or natural contamination could lead to a false positive detection of precursors of life. In this work, a new protected technology to avoid any doubt in these cases is proposed: the systematic isotopic marking of polymeric materials used in space missions. As proof of concept, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers, with the same characteristics of the one used in the calibration target for the Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) in the ExoMars mission, were synthetized in three different ratios of deuterium marking: 0%, 35%, and 100%. In addition the calibration target of the SuperCam instrument of the Mars 2020 mission also includes a sample of PET. The polymeric characterization by Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed similar characteristics, in the range of commercial PET polymers. The same analytical techniques used for organic studies, on board of the ExoMars laboratory, were used for this study: Raman spectroscopy, and Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results showed that both marked compositions could be unequivocally identified, due to the expected differences caused by the increasing of mass of the marked hydrogen atoms. The materials were subjected to the outgassing test, according to ECSS-Q-ST-70-02C standard, of mandatory compliance for every material used in a space mission following the European standards ECSS, to test the validity for space use. All materials, marked and unmarked, passed this test, and even a slight improvement in RML could be observed in the fully deuterium marked (100%) PET, probably caused by its higher weight, but further studies are needed to verify this trend.