Examinando por Autor "Bernt, M. H."

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Acceso Abierto
Radiometric Calibration Targets for the Mastcam-Z Camera on the Mars 2020 Rover Mission
(Springer Link, 2020-12-03) Kinch, K. M.; Madsen, M. B.; Bell, J. F.; Maki, Justin N.; Bailey, P.; Hayes, A. G.; Jensen, O. B.; Merusi, M.; Bernt, M. H.; Sorensen, A. N.; Hilverda, M.; Cloutis, E.; Applin, D.; Mateo Martí, Eva; Manrique, J. A.; López Reyes, G.; Bello Arufe, A.; Ehlmann, B. L.; Buz, J.; Pommerol, A.; Thomas, N.; Affolter, L.; Herkenhoff, K. E.; Johnson, J. R.; Rice, M.; Corlies, P.; Tate, C.; Caplinger, M. A.; Jensen, E.; Kubacki, T.; Cisneros, E.; Paris, K.; Winhold, A.; European Research Council (ERC); Kinch, K. [0000-0002-4629-8880]; López Reyes, G. [0000-0003-1005-1760]; Manrique, J. A. [0000-0002-2053-2819]; Affolter, L. [0000-0002-2869-8522]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
The Mastcam-Z Camera is a stereoscopic, multispectral camera with zoom capability on NASA’s Mars-2020 Perseverance rover. The Mastcam-Z relies on a set of two deck-mounted radiometric calibration targets to validate camera performance and to provide an instantaneous estimate of local irradiance and allow conversion of image data to units of reflectance (R∗ or I/F) on a tactical timescale. Here, we describe the heritage, design, and optical characterization of these targets and discuss their use during rover operations. The Mastcam-Z primary calibration target inherits features of camera calibration targets on the Mars Exploration Rovers, Phoenix and Mars Science Laboratory missions. This target will be regularly imaged during flight to accompany multispectral observations of the martian surface. The primary target consists of a gold-plated aluminum base, eight strong hollow-cylinder Sm2Co17 alloy permanent magnets mounted in the base, eight ceramic color and grayscale patches mounted over the magnets, four concentric, ceramic grayscale rings and a central aluminum shadow post (gnomon) painted with an IR-black paint. The magnets are expected to keep the central area of each patch relatively free of Martian aeolian dust. The Mastcam-Z secondary calibration target is a simple angled aluminum shelf carrying seven vertically mounted ceramic color and grayscale chips and seven identical, but horizontally mounted ceramic chips. The secondary target is intended to augment and validate the calibration-related information derived from the primary target. The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets are critically important to achieving Mastcam-Z science objectives for spectroscopy and photometric properties.
Acceso Abierto
SuperCam Calibration Targets: Design and Development
(Springer Link, 2020-11-26) Manrique, J. A.; López Reyes, G.; Cousin, A.; Rull, F.; Maurice, S.; Wiens, R. C.; Madariaga, M. B.; Gasnault, O.; Aramendia, J.; Arana, G.; Beck, P.; Bernard, S.; Bernardi, P.; Bernt, M. H.; Berrocal, A.; Beyssac, O.; Caïs, P.; Castro, K.; Clegg, S. M.; Cloutis, E.; Dromart, G.; Drouet, C.; Dubois, B.; Escribano, D.; Fabre, C.; Fernández, A.; Forni, O.; García Baonza, V.; Gontijo, I.; Johnson, J. R.; Laserna, J.; Lasue, J.; Madsen, S.; Mateo Martí, Eva; Medina, J.; Meslin, P.; Montagnac, G.; Moros, J.; Ollila, A. M.; Ortega, C.; Prieto Ballesteros, O.; Reess, J. M.; Robinson, S.; Rodríguez, Joseph; Saiz, J.; Sanz Arranz, J. A.; Sard, I.; Sautter, V.; Sobron, P.; Toplis, M.; Veneranda, M.; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)
SuperCam is a highly integrated remote-sensing instrumental suite for NASA’s Mars 2020 mission. It consists of a co-aligned combination of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), Visible and Infrared Spectroscopy (VISIR), together with sound recording (MIC) and high-magnification imaging techniques (RMI). They provide information on the mineralogy, geochemistry and mineral context around the Perseverance Rover. The calibration of this complex suite is a major challenge. Not only does each technique require its own standards or references, their combination also introduces new requirements to obtain optimal scientific output. Elemental composition, molecular vibrational features, fluorescence, morphology and texture provide a full picture of the sample with spectral information that needs to be co-aligned, correlated, and individually calibrated. The resulting hardware includes different kinds of targets, each one covering different needs of the instrument. Standards for imaging calibration, geological samples for mineral identification and chemometric calculations or spectral references to calibrate and evaluate the health of the instrument, are all included in the SuperCam Calibration Target (SCCT). The system also includes a specifically designed assembly in which the samples are mounted. This hardware allows the targets to survive the harsh environmental conditions of the launch, cruise, landing and operation on Mars during the whole mission. Here we summarize the design, development, integration, verification and functional testing of the SCCT. This work includes some key results obtained to verify the scientific outcome of the SuperCam system.