Examinando por Autor "Moreno, A."

Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2

Restringido
Recent and historical pollution legacy in high altitude Lake Marboré (Central Pyrenees): A record of mining and smelting since pre-Roman times in the Iberian Peninsula
(Elsevier, 2021-01-10) Corella, J. P.; Sierra, M. J.; Garralón, A.; Millán, R.; Rodríguez Alonso, J.; Mata, M. P.; Vicente de Vera, A.; Moreno, A.; González Sampériz, P.; Duval, B.; Amouroux, D.; Vivez, P.; Cuevas, C. A.; Adame, J. A.; Wilhelm, B.; Valero Garcés, B. L.
We have analyzed potential harmful trace elements (PHTE; Pb, Hg, Zn, As and Cu) on sediment cores retrieved from lake Marboré (LM) (2612 m a.s.l, 42°41′N; 0° 2′E). PHTE variability allowed us to reconstruct the timing and magnitude of trace metal pollutants fluxes over the last 3000 years in the Central Pyrenees. A statistical treatment of the dataset (PCA) enabled us to discern the depositional processes of PHTE, that reach the lake via direct atmospheric deposition. Indeed, the location of LM above the atmospheric boundary layer makes this lake an exceptional site to record the long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants in the free troposphere. Air masses back-trajectories analyses enabled us to understand the transport pathways of atmospheric pollutants while lead isotopic analyses contributed to evaluate the source areas of metal pollution in SW Europe during the Late Holocene. PHTE variability, shows a clear agreement with the main exploitation phases of metal resources in Southern Europe during the Pre-Industrial Period. We observed an abrupt lead enrichment from 20 to 375 yrs CE mostly associated to silver and lead mining and smelting practices in Southern Iberia during the Roman Empire. This geochemical data suggests that regional atmospheric metal pollution during the Roman times rivalled the Industrial Period. PHTE also increased during the High and Late Middle Ages (10–15th centuries) associated to a reactivation of mining and metallurgy activities in high altitude Pyrenean mining sites during climate amelioration phases. Atmospheric mercury deposition in the Lake Marboré record mostly reflects global emissions, particularly from Almadén mines (central Spain) and slightly fluctuates during the last three millennia with a significant increase during the last five centuries. Our findings reveal a strong mining-related pollution legacy in alpine lakes and watersheds that needs to be considered in management plans for mountain ecosystems as global warming and human pressure effects may contribute to their future degradation.
Acceso Abierto
The case of a southern European glacier which survived Roman and medieval warm periods but is disappearing under recent warming
(Eropean Geosciences Union, 2021-03-03) Moreno, A.; Bartolomé, M.; López Moreno, J. I.; Pey, J.; Corella, J. P.; García Orellana, J.; Sancho, C.; Leunda, M.; Gil Romera, G.; González Sampériz, P.; Pérez Mejías, C.; Navarro, F.; Otero García, J.; Lapazaran, J.; Alonso González, E.; Cid, Cristina; López Martínez, J.; Oliva Urcia, B.; Henrique Faria, S.; Sierra, M. J.; Millán, R.; Querol, X.; Alastuey, A.; García Ruíz, J. M.; Gobierno de Aragón; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Moreno, A. [0000-0001-7357-584X]; Pey, J. [0000-0002-5015-1742]; García Orellana, J. [0000-0002-0543-2641]; Gil Romera, G. [0000-0001-5726-2536]; Pérez Mejías, C. [0000-0002-8370-9271]; Navarro, F. [0000-0002-5147-0067]; Otero García, J. [0000-0002-3518-7763]; Lapazaran, J. [0000-0003-1820-4960]; Alonso González, E. [0000-0002-1883-3823]; López Martínez, J. [0000-0002-1750-8287]; Olivia Urcia, B. [0000-0003-1563-6434]; Alastuey, A. [0000-0002-5453-5495]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
Mountain glaciers have generally experienced an accelerated retreat over the last 3 decades as a rapid response to current global warming. However, the response to previous warm periods in the Holocene is not well-described for glaciers of the southern Europe mountain ranges, such as the Pyrenees. The situation during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (900–1300 CE) is particularly relevant since it is not certain whether the southern European glaciers just experienced significant ice loss or whether they actually disappeared. We present here the first chronological study of a glacier located in the Central Pyrenees (NE Spain), Monte Perdido Glacier (MPG), carried out by different radiochronological techniques and a comparison with geochemical proxies from neighbouring palaeoclimate records. The chronological model evidences that the glacier persisted during the Roman period and the Medieval Climate Anomaly. The apparent absence of ice in the past ∼ 600 years suggests that any ice accumulated during the Little Ice Age has since ablated. This interpretation is supported by measured concentrations of anthropogenic metals, including Zn, Se, Cd, Hg and Pb, which have concentrations well below those typical of industrial-age ice measured at other glaciers in Europe. This study strengthens the general understanding that warming of the past few decades has been exceptional for the past 2 millennia.