Examinando por Autor "Cid, Cristina"

Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4

Acceso Abierto
Identification of Biomolecules Involved in the Adaptation to the Environment of Cold-Loving Microorganisms and Metabolic Pathways for Their Production
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021-08-04) García López, Eva; Alcazar, P.; Cid, Cristina; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); Alcazar, P. [0000-0002-2276-5376]; Cid, C. [0000-0001-5128-4558]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu del Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
Cold-loving microorganisms of all three domains of life have unique and special abilities that allow them to live in harsh environments. They have acquired structural and molecular mechanisms of adaptation to the cold that include the production of anti-freeze proteins, carbohydrate-based extracellular polymeric substances and lipids which serve as cryo- and osmoprotectants by maintaining the fluidity of their membranes. They also produce a wide diversity of pigmented molecules to obtain energy, carry out photosynthesis, increase their resistance to stress and provide them with ultraviolet light protection. Recently developed analytical techniques have been applied as high-throughoutput technologies for function discovery and for reconstructing functional networks in psychrophiles. Among them, omics deserve special mention, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics, lipidomics and metabolomics. These techniques have allowed the identification of microorganisms and the study of their biogeochemical activities. They have also made it possible to infer their metabolic capacities and identify the biomolecules that are parts of their structures or that they secrete into the environment, which can be useful in various fields of biotechnology. This Review summarizes current knowledge on psychrophiles as sources of biomolecules and the metabolic pathways for their production. New strategies and next-generation approaches are needed to increase the chances of discovering new biomolecules.
Acceso Abierto
Microbial Community Structure Driven by a Volcanic Gradient in Glaciers of the Antarctic Archipelago South Shetland
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2021-02-14) García López, Eva; Serrano, S.; Ángel Calvo, M.; Peña Pérez, S.; Sánchez Casanova, S.; García Descalzo, L.; Cid, Cristina; Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI); 0000-0001-5128-4558; 0000-0002-0083-6786; 0000-0003-1086-3056; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
It has been demonstrated that the englacial ecosystem in volcanic environments is inhabited by active bacteria. To know whether this result could be extrapolated to other Antarctic glaciers and to study the populations of microeukaryotes in addition to those of bacteria, a study was performed using ice samples from eight glaciers in the South Shetland archipelago. The identification of microbial communities of bacteria and microeukaryotes using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA high throughput sequencing showed a great diversity when compared with microbiomes of other Antarctic glaciers or frozen deserts. Even the composition of the microbial communities identified in the glaciers from the same island was different, which may be due to the isolation of microbial clusters within the ice. A gradient in the abundance and diversity of the microbial communities from the volcano (west to the east) was observed. Additionally, a significant correlation was found between the chemical conditions of the ice samples and the composition of the prokaryotic populations inhabiting them along the volcanic gradient. The bacteria that participate in the sulfur cycle were those that best fit this trend. Furthermore, on the eastern island, a clear influence of human contamination was observed on the glacier microbiome.
Restringido
Natural chemical control of marine associated microbial communities by sessile Antarctic invertebrates
(Inter Research Science Publisher, 2020-12-03) Angulo Preckler, Carlos; García López, Eva; Figueroa, Blanca; Ávila, Conxita; Cid, Cristina; Preckler Angulo, C.[0000-0001-9028-274X]; Figueroa, B. [0000-0003-4731-9337]; Ávila, C. [0000-0002-5489-8376]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
Organisms living in the sea are exposed to fouling by other organisms. Many benthic marine invertebrates, including sponges and bryozoans, contain natural products with antimicrobial properties, since microbes usually constitute the first stages of fouling. Extracts from 4 Antarctic sponges (Myxilla (Myxilla) mollis, Mycale tylotornota, Rossella nuda, and Anoxycalyx (Scolymastra) joubini) and 2 bryozoan species (Cornucopina pectogemma and Nematoflustra flagellata) were tested separately for antifouling properties in field experiments. The different crude extracts from these invertebrates were incorporated into a substratum gel at natural concentrations for an ecological approach. Treatments were tested by submerging plates covered by these substratum gels under water in situ during 1 lunar cycle (28 d) at Deception Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). Remarkably, the butanolic extracts of M. tylotornota and C. pectogemma showed complete growth inhibition of microscopic eukaryotic organisms, one of the succession stages involved in biofouling. Our results suggest that different chemical strategies may exist to avoid fouling, although the role of chemical defenses is often species-specific. Thus, the high specificity of the microbial community attached to the coated plates seems to be modulated by the chemical cues of the crude extracts of the invertebrates tested
Acceso Abierto
The case of a southern European glacier which survived Roman and medieval warm periods but is disappearing under recent warming
(Eropean Geosciences Union, 2021-03-03) Moreno, A.; Bartolomé, M.; López Moreno, J. I.; Pey, J.; Corella, J. P.; García Orellana, J.; Sancho, C.; Leunda, M.; Gil Romera, G.; González Sampériz, P.; Pérez Mejías, C.; Navarro, F.; Otero García, J.; Lapazaran, J.; Alonso González, E.; Cid, Cristina; López Martínez, J.; Oliva Urcia, B.; Henrique Faria, S.; Sierra, M. J.; Millán, R.; Querol, X.; Alastuey, A.; García Ruíz, J. M.; Gobierno de Aragón; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO); Moreno, A. [0000-0001-7357-584X]; Pey, J. [0000-0002-5015-1742]; García Orellana, J. [0000-0002-0543-2641]; Gil Romera, G. [0000-0001-5726-2536]; Pérez Mejías, C. [0000-0002-8370-9271]; Navarro, F. [0000-0002-5147-0067]; Otero García, J. [0000-0002-3518-7763]; Lapazaran, J. [0000-0003-1820-4960]; Alonso González, E. [0000-0002-1883-3823]; López Martínez, J. [0000-0002-1750-8287]; Olivia Urcia, B. [0000-0003-1563-6434]; Alastuey, A. [0000-0002-5453-5495]; Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737
Mountain glaciers have generally experienced an accelerated retreat over the last 3 decades as a rapid response to current global warming. However, the response to previous warm periods in the Holocene is not well-described for glaciers of the southern Europe mountain ranges, such as the Pyrenees. The situation during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (900–1300 CE) is particularly relevant since it is not certain whether the southern European glaciers just experienced significant ice loss or whether they actually disappeared. We present here the first chronological study of a glacier located in the Central Pyrenees (NE Spain), Monte Perdido Glacier (MPG), carried out by different radiochronological techniques and a comparison with geochemical proxies from neighbouring palaeoclimate records. The chronological model evidences that the glacier persisted during the Roman period and the Medieval Climate Anomaly. The apparent absence of ice in the past ∼ 600 years suggests that any ice accumulated during the Little Ice Age has since ablated. This interpretation is supported by measured concentrations of anthropogenic metals, including Zn, Se, Cd, Hg and Pb, which have concentrations well below those typical of industrial-age ice measured at other glaciers in Europe. This study strengthens the general understanding that warming of the past few decades has been exceptional for the past 2 millennia.