Copyright © 2018, Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer NatureZand, J. J. M.Bozzo, E.Qu, J.Li, X. D.Amati, L.Chen, Y.Donnarumma, I.Doroshenko, V.Drake, S. A.Hernanz, M.Jenke, P. A.Baykal, A.Cumming, A.Miller, M. C.Gendre, B.McHardy, I.Peretz, U.Schatz, H.Brown, E. F.Neubert, T.Gill, R.Mikusincova, R.Prescod Weinstein, C.Shearer, A.Campana, R.Pacciani, L.Götz, D.Rodríguez, J.Stappers, B. W.Chambers, F.Paul, B.Gouiffès, C.Rózanska, A.Strohmayer, T. E.Chenevez, J.De Martino, D.Malzac, J.Suleimanov, V. F.Ciolfi, R.Tauris, T. M.Méndez, M.Svoboda, J.D´aì, A.Atteia, J. L.Motch, C.Thielemann, F. K.D´Ammando, F.Mahmoodifar, S.Tombesi, F.Degenaar, N.Zingale, M.Torres, D. F.D´Elia, V.Zhang, S.Torresi, E.Doyle, G.Zhang, S. N.Fan, X.Zdziarski, A. A.Malyshev, D.Zane, S.Maccarone, Thomas J.Zampieri, L.Zhang, X.Yuan, F.Stratta, G.Yu, W.Younes, G.Yan, Z.Xu, Y.Xiong, S. L.Sala, G.Agudo, I.Ballantyne, D. R.Bianchi, S.Brandt, S.Cackett, E. M.Grandi, P.Granot, J.Güdel, M.Heger, A.Heinke, C. O.Homan, J.Iaria, R.Iwasawa, K.Izzo, L.Ji, L.Del Santo, M.De Pasquale, M.Dai, Z. G.Constantin, E.Chernyakova, M.Chen, L.Casella, P.Burderi, L.Braga, J.Belloni, T.Andersson, N. A.Osborne, Julian P.Wilms, J.Nardini, E.De Rosa, A.Behar, E.Turriziani, S.Altamirano, D.Cavecchi, Y.Di Salvo, T.Papadakis, L. E.Blay, P.Vacchi, A.Chen, Y. P.Falanga, M.Pérez Torres, M. A.Bucciantini, N.Vercellone, S.Jin, C. C.Ferdman, R. D.Reig, P.Campana, S.Rowlinson, A.Feroci, M.Rodríguez Gil, P.Lu., F.Zhou, P.Fraschetti, F.Sakamoto, T.Mehdipour, M.Baglio, C.Galloway, D. K.Salvaterra, R.Bhattacharyya, S.Gambino, A. F.Santagelo, A.Longo, F.Gandhi, P.Schanne, S.Liang, E. W.Ge, M.Shao, L.Kunneriath, D.Shore, S. N.Kuiper, L.Rossi, E. M.Kreykenbohm, I.Wu, X.Komossa, S.Linares, M.Keek, L.Li, G.Kawai, N.Kargaltsev, O.Kalemci, E.Kaastra, J. S.José, J.Jonker, P. G.Manousakis, A.Mignani, R. P.Nättilä, J.Orlandini, M.Paolillo, M.Vink, J. S.Wang, J. J.Wang, J. F.Watts, A. L.Weng, S.Weinberg, N. N.Wheatley, P. J.Wijnands, R.Woods, T. E.Woosley, S. E.Savolainen, T.Sanna, A.Salmi, T.Romano, P.Riggio, A.Perinati, E.Pellizzoni, A.Paltani, StéphaneO´Brien, P. T.Miniutti, G.Men, Y.Bilous, A.Lutovinov, A. A.Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos (ICCUB), MDM-2014-03692021-07-212021-07-212018-08-30Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy volume 62(2): A29506 (2019)1674-7348https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11433-017-9186-1http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12666/452In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include flaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.engSpace research instrumentsNuclear astrophysicsFlare starsAccretion and accretion disksMass loss and stellar windsCataclysmic binariesX ray binariesSupernova remmantsActive galactic nucleiX ray burstGamma ray burstsGravitational wavesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article10.1007/s11433-017-9186-11869-1927http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess